THE FIRST GREEK BOOK
BY JOHN WILLIAMS WHITE, PH.D, LL.D., LITT.D.
Professor Of Ancient Greek At Harvard University
This Revision Copyright ©2012 by Shawn Irwin



Lesson LVII - Conditional Sentences, General Suppositions

S522. Review 301-305.

The suppositions expressed in 304 are particular (302). 523.

S523.
1. ἐάν τις κλέπτῃ, κολάζεται.
Ιf anyone (ever) steals, he is (always) punished.

2. εἴ τίς κλέπτοι, ἐκολάζετο.
Ιf anyone (ever) stole, he was (always) punished.

Here the suppositions are not particular, but general (302). In the first example, the supposition is present; it is introduced by ἐάν, if, and has the subjunctive; the apodosis has here the present indicative, but it may have any present form denoting repetition.

S524. Present general suppositions have ἐαν with the subjunctive in the protasis and the present indicative (or some other present form denoting repetition) in the apodosis.

In the second example, the supposition is past; it is introduced by εἴ, if, and has the optative; the apodosis has here the imperfect indicative, but it may have any past form denoting repetition.

S525. Past general suppositions have ei with the optative in the protasis, and the imperfect indicative (or some other form denoting past repetition) in the apodosis.

S526. Review 306, 307; 316, 317; and 363, 364.

S527. VOCABULARY.
ἀεί, adverb, always, ever.
ἐκποδών, (ἐξ + πούς), adverb, out of the way.
ἐπικούρημα, ατος, τό, relief.
ἔργον, ου, τό, work, deed.
κλέπτω, (κλεπ), κλέψω, ἔκλεψα, κέκλοφα, κέκλεμμαι, ἐκλάπην, (compare κλώψ), steal.
κολάζω, (κολαδ), κολάσω, εκόλασα, κεκόλασμαι, ἐκολάσθην, punish.
οὔποτε, (οὐ + ποτέ), adverb, never.
ποτέ, adverb, once, ever (enclitic).
πούς, ποδός, foot.
ὑπισχνέομαι, (σεχ), ὑποσχήσομαι, ὑππεσχόμην, ὑπέσχημαι, (ὑπό + ἔχω), hold oneself under, undertake, promise.
ὑπολύω, loose beneath; mid., untie one’s sandals or shoes.
ψεύδομαι, ψεύσομαι, εψευσάμην, ἔψευσμαι, lie, cheat, deceive.

S528.
1. εἴ τῷ ὑπόσχοιτο τί Κῦρος, οὔποτε ἐψεύδετο.
τῷ ι.e. τινι (763).
Second aorist optative.

2. εἰ τίς ποτε κλέπτοι τῶν πελταστῶν, ἐκολάζετο.
3. ἦν ἐπικούρημα τῶν ποδῶν, εἴ τιις τὴν νύκτα ὑπολύοιτο.
During the night, accusative of extent of time (836).

4. οἱ θεοὶ ἰκανοί εἰσι τοὺς μῑκρούς, κἄν ἐν δεινοῖς ὦσι, σῴδειν ῥᾳδίως.
i.e. καὶ ἐὰν, even if.

5. οὑκ ἂν ἐποίησε ταῦτα, εἰ μὴ ἐγὼ αὐτὸν ἐκέλευσα.

6. ἐάν τίς τι αγαθὸν ἢ κακὸν ποιήσῃ αυτόν, ἀεὶ νῑκᾶν πειρᾶται.
to be superior, to outdo (him).

7. οὐδὲ γὰρ ἅν με ὁ βασιλεὺς ἐπαινοίη, εἰ ἀδικοίην τοὺς φίλους.

8. ἄνδρες, ἐάν μοι πεισθῆτε, τοῦτον τὸν ἄνθρωπον ἐκποδὼν ποιήσεσθε.
With the force of the middle, obey.

9. εἰ ὑμεῖς ἐθέλετε ὁρμᾶσθαι, ἕπεσθαι ὑμῖν βούλομαι.

10. καὶ εἴ τις αὐτῷ δοκοίη τῶν πρὸς τοῦτο τὸ ἔργον τεταγμένων σχολαίως ποιεῖν, τὸν ἐπιτήδειον ἔπαιεν.

S529.
1. He is always enraged if anybody deceives him.
2. If they caused us trouble, we punished them.
3. If he promises anybody anything, he never deceives him.
4. He beat his soldiers if they did not obey.
5. He never came to my house, unless he was sent for.
παρὰ ἐμε.

S530. Clearchus advises that Orontas be put to Death. The Others concur.
πρὸς ταῦτα Κῦρος ἔλεξε τοῖς παροῦσιν, "Ὁ μὲν ἀνὴρ ταῦτα μὲν
πεποίηκε, ταῦτα δὲ λέγει. ὑμῶν δὲ σὺ πρῶτος, ὦ Κλέαρχε, λέξον ὅ
τι σοι δοκεῖ." Κλέαρχος δὲ ἔλεξε τάδε. "Συμβουλεύω ἐγὼ τὸν ἄνδρα
τοῦτον ἐκποδὼν ποιεῖαθαι, ἵνα μηκέτι δέῃ τοῦτον φυλάττεσθαι, ἀλλὰ
σχολὴ ᾐ ἡμῖν τοὺς φίλους εὖ ποιεῖν." ταῦτα δὲ ἔφη καὶ τοὺς ἄλλους
λέξαι.

in view of this, thereupon.
to those present (487, 3 and 4).
ταῦτα: i.e. τὰ αὐτα.
i.e. Clearchus, when the trial was over.

See the route on the map.



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This Revision Copyright ©2012 by Shawn Irwin