THE FIRST GREEK BOOK
BY JOHN WILLIAMS WHITE, PH.D, LL.D., LITT.D.
Professor Of Ancient Greek At Harvard University
This Revision Copyright ©2012 by Shawn Irwin
Lesson XI A-Declension Masculines
S99. Masculines of the A-Declension end in ᾱς
or ης (37). If ε, ι, or ρ
precedes, they end in ᾱς otherwise in ης.
S100. Learn the declension of νεᾱνίᾱς, young man,
στρατιώτης, soldier, πελταστής,
targeteer, and Πέρσης, Persian. in 740.
S101. Masculines in ᾱς or ης
differ from feminines in ᾱ or ς (38, 44) only in the
nominative and genitive singular, except that those in τῆς and names signifying
nationality with nominative in ης have the vocative singular in α. (α short).
S102. Vocabulary
εὐφράτης, ου, ὁ, the Euphrates.
νεᾱνίᾱς, ου, ὁ, young man.
ὁπλῖτης, ου, ὁ, (compare ὁπλον) heavily armed foot soldier, hoplite.
πελταστής, ου, ὁ, targeteer (named from his shield, πέλτη).
Πέρσης, ου, ὁ, a Persian
στρατιώτης, ου, ὁ, (compare στρατιά), soldier.
τοξότης, ου, ὁ, bowman (named from his bow, τόξον).
δεξιός, α, όν, right (as opposed to left).
τριᾱκόσιοι, αι, α, 300
οὔτε....οὔτε, adverb, neither . . . nor.
σύν, preposition with dative, with, in company with, Latin cum.
ᾱς, ης --» Masc A-Declension
S103.
1. στρατιώτᾱς καὶ ἵππους ἀθροίσω τῷ* Κύρῳ.
*Proper names may take the article.
2. ὁ δὲ νεανίας τοῖς στρατιώτιας ἐπεβουλεύε.
3. ἐπὶ τὸν εὐφράτην ποταμὸν ἄξει τοὺς στρατιώτας.
4. καὶ τοὺς σὺν τῷ στρατηγῷ ὁπλίτᾱς ἤγαγον εἰς κώμᾱς.
5. τὸν Πέρσην ἤγαγεν εις τὴν τοῦ στρατιώτου σκηνήν;
6. οἱ στρατιῶται ἐν φυλακῇ ἕξουσι τοὺς Πέρσᾱς.
7. τὸν εὐφράτην ποταμὸν ἐν δεξιᾷ* ἔχει.
*εν δεξιᾷ, on his right (hand)
8. ὁ δὲ στρατηγὸς οὔτε τοξότην εἶχεν οὔτε πελταστήν.
9. σὺν τοῖς (his) πελτασταῖς εδίωκε τοὺς τοξότας.
10. ὁ δὲ στρατηγὸς τριᾱκοσίους ὁπλίτας καὶ πελταστὰς ἔχει.
Answers:
1. The soldiers and horses I gather for Cyrus. 2. The young man the soldiers he plots against. 3. To the Euphrates River he will lead soldiers.
4. And with the general, the hoplites, [I / they] led to the village. ([I / they] led the general with the hoplites into the village.)
5. The Persian did he lead into the soldier's tent? 6. The soldiers in the garrison they will have Persians. The soldiers under guard they will have Persians.
7. The Euphrates River on his right he has. 8. The general did not have a bowman or peltasts (targeteer).
9. With his peltasts (targeteers) he pursued the bowmen. 10. The general 300 hoplites and bowman he has.
S104.
1. The general was not leading the hoplites.
2. Both the targeteers and the bowmen were brave.
3. The young man was in the village.
4. They sent the hoplites and the targeteers.
5. He will send beautiful gifts to the Persians.
Answers:
1. ὁ στρατηγὸς οὐκ ἤγαγε τοὺς ὁπλίτας. 2. καὶ οἱ πελταστοι καὶ οἱ τοξόται ἀγαθοι ἦσαν. 3. ὁ νενιας ἐν τῇ κωμῃ ἦν.
4. ἐπεμψαν τὰς ὁπλίτας καὶ πελταστὰς. 5. πεμψει καλα δωρα τοῖς Πέρσαις.
End Of Chapter
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This Revision Copyright ©2012 by Shawn Irwin